TLS update uploaded
on January 23rd
added year-end
ratings and
championship matches.

TLS uses all of a player's league results to create
a rating for the player based on the NTRP rating
system.
* Rating lists by area and facility.
* Ratings for each of a player's matches.
* Section and national team rankings.
* Team scouting pages.
* Yearly historical summary of a player's league play.
* Follow TLS Tennis League Stats on Facebook.
Please send questions and comments to
admin@tennisleaguestats.com.
I read all emails and try to answer all
reasonable questions. Please read the
"TLS Rating Requirements" paragraph on the
Area pages instead of sending an email
asking what causes an "n/a" rating.
The USTA does not create
or endorse TLS ratings.
                                           Back to 2020 SC - Low Country-LCTA Area rating list selection
                                                2019 SC - Low Country-LCTA Area rating list selection
2020 TLS League Ratings
Section - Southern           District - South Carolina           Area - SC - Low Country-LCTA
Daniel Island Club          Men          Rating Order
(As of 01/30/2023)
2020 2020
Matches TLS Season YrEnd
Rank Player League Flight Facility W - L TLS NTRP NTRP NTRP
Go to TLS NTRP level 5.0       4.5       4.0       3.5       3.0       2.5      
1 michael zechmann -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 4.42 4.5 4.5 C 2018
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 4.5 The I'On Club 1 - 0
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 3 - 0
2 Morgan Baumann -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 4.21 4.5 4.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 3 - 1
3 William Estes -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 4.19 4.5 4.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 1 - 2
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 4.5 The I'On Club 1 - 0
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 3 - 4
4 Todd Hall -- Summary -- Mount Pleasant, SC 4.14 4.5 4.5 A 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 3 - 0
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 4.5 The I'On Club 2 - 0
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
5 Jeffrey Burton -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 4.14 4.5 4.5 C 2018
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 1 - 2
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 4.5 The I'On Club 0 - 1
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 3
6 Jeffrey Jones -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 4.13 4.5 4.5 S
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 2 - 3
7 Matthew Severance -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 4.06 4.5 0.0   2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 2
8 Frank Cuoco -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 4.06 4.5 4.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 3 - 1
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 4.5 The I'On Club 1 - 0
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
9 Dirk Dewitt -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 4.05 4.5 4.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 2 - 1
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 2 - 4
10 Todd Smyth -- Summary -- Mount Pleasant, SC 4.03 4.5 4.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 2 - 1
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.5 Plus Mt Pleasant Recreation Dept 1 - 1
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
11 Chris MacNaughton -- Summary -- Sullivans Island, SC 4.02 4.5 4.5 S
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 0 - 2
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
Go to TLS NTRP level 5.0       4.5       4.0       3.5       3.0       2.5      
12 John Sutterlin -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.94 4.0 4.0 S
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
13 John Roberts -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.84 4.0 4.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 0
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 4 - 2
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 0
14 Steven Meyer -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.82 4.0 4.0 C 2018
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 0
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 2 - 2
15 Linney Teague -- Summary -- Hickory, NC 3.80 4.0 4.0 C 2019
*** See additional rating detail in the Southern - NC - Foothills (Hky) area.
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-4.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 1
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 5 - 1
16 Steven Gray -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.77 4.0 4.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-4.0 Daniel Island Club 4 - 0
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 2
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 4 - 3
17 Guy Warren -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.71 4.0 4.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 1
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 2
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 6 - 2
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 3
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
18 Hod Verble -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.69 4.0 4.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-4.0 Daniel Island Club 4 - 0
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 4
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 5
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 5
19 William Ennis -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.67 4.0 4.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-4.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 0
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 2
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 3
20 David Coward -- Summary -- DANIEL ISLAND, SC 3.64 4.0 4.0 C 2019
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
21 Peter Brechtel -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.61 4.0 4.0 C 2018
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 2
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 4 - 3
22 Michael Sanders -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.59 4.0 4.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 4
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 4 - 3
23 Steve Rooney -- Summary -- Mount Pleasant, SC 3.59 4.0 4.0 S
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 4
24 Michael Campbell -- Summary -- GREENVILLE, SC 3.54 4.0 4.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 3
Go to TLS NTRP level 5.0       4.5       4.0       3.5       3.0       2.5      
25 Blake Ohlson -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.50 3.5 4.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 4
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 4.0 LTP Daniel Island 0 - 3
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
26 Michael Merriman -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.45 3.5 3.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-4.0 Daniel Island Club 4 - 0
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 4
27 Andrew Miller -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.32 3.5 3.5 S
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 2 - 3
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 4
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 4 - 1
28 Gabriel Brogden -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.30 3.5 3.5 S 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 3 - 2
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 2
29 Daniel Putignano -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.26 3.5 3.5 C 2018
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 2 - 2
30 Thomas Upshaw -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.23 3.5 3.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 2
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 3 - 3
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.5 LTP Daniel Island 3 - 2
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 4
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 5
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.5 LTP Daniel Island 0 - 4
31 Bernie Bell -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.20 3.5 3.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-3.5 LTP Daniel Island 1 - 0
2020 LCTA 64 & Over Fall League 64 & Over Men 3.5 LTP Daniel Island 1 - 2
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 3.5 LTP Daniel Island 3 - 2
32 Lawrence Kniola -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.16 3.5 3.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 2
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 2
33 Jack Westerfield -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.10 3.5 3.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-3.5 LTP Daniel Island 1 - 1
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 3
2020 LCTA 64 & Over Fall League 64 & Over Men 3.5 LTP Daniel Island 3 - 0
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 3.5 LTP Daniel Island 1 - 3
34 Brian Brilliant -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 3.08 3.5 3.5 S
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
Go to TLS NTRP level 5.0       4.5       4.0       3.5       3.0       2.5      
35 Brad Little -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.99 3.0 3.5 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 2
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
36 Matt Goddard -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.91 3.0 3.0 S
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 0
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 5 - 1
37 Andrew Rhea -- Summary -- Charleston, SC 2.83 3.0 3.0 S 2019
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 4 - 3
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 6 - 2
38 Chris McGarty -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.81 3.0 3.0 C 2017
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 1
39 Andrew LeVeen -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.81 3.0 3.0 S
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 1
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 5 - 2
40 Jim Geiger -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.81 3.0 3.0 A 2018
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 5
41 Jim Payne -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.74 3.0 3.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-3.0 LTP Daniel Island 2 - 2
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 2
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.0 LTP Daniel Island 2 - 1
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 4
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 3.0 LTP Daniel Island 3 - 2
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.0 LTP Daniel Island 3 - 5
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 LTP Daniel Island 7 - 2
42 Churchill Carter -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.72 3.0 3.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 4
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 0
43 Jay Karen -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.68 3.0 3.0 S 2019
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 3 - 3
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 5
44 Peter Katzburg -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.64 3.0 3.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 55 & Over Spring Men-3.5 LTP Daniel Island 0 - 3
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.0 LTP Daniel Island 1 - 2
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 2
2020 SC 70 & Over Doubles 3.0 Men LTP Daniel Island 0 - 2
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 3.0 LTP Daniel Island 1 - 2
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.0 LTP Daniel Island 1 - 3
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 1
45 Gary White -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.61 3.0 3.0 C 2017
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 5
46 Derek Miller -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.58 3.0 3.0 S 2019
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 4
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 5
47 Jack Gilchrist -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.57 3.0 3.0 S 2019
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 1
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
48 Richard Labaudiniere -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.53 3.0 3.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 2
Go to TLS NTRP level 5.0       4.5       4.0       3.5       3.0       2.5      
49 Brad Matsik -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.49 2.5 3.0 S
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 1
50 Patrick Harrigan -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.46 2.5 3.0 S 2018
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 2 - 6
51 Edward Giove -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC 2.33 2.5 3.0 S
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 4
James Abbott -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 3.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 0
KEVIN CARTER -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 3.0 S
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 3
Mike Corley -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 3.0 S 2019
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
Rahul Dembla -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 3.5 S 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
Mike Finley -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 4.0 S
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
William Foster -- Summary -- Franklin, TN n/a n/a 3.5 C 2018
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 2
Adam Gengarella -- Summary -- Mount Pleasant, SC n/a n/a 4.5 S 2019
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 4.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
Jim Greenho -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 4.5 S
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 1 - 3
Michael Hobbs -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 2.5 S 2019
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
Nat Howe -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 3.5 S 2019
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 2 - 2
J Jernigan -- Summary -- Charleston, SC n/a n/a 3.5 S 2019
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 3.5 Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
Scott Olsen -- Summary -- Isle Of Palms, SC n/a n/a 3.0 S 2019
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
Nicholas Pavia -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 3.0 A 2017
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 3.5 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
William Petzold -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 3.0 S
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
Derrick Randall -- Summary -- DANIEL ISLAND, SC n/a n/a 4.0 C 2017
2020 LCTA 39 & Over Fall League 39 & over Fall - Men - 4.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 1
Chris Waters -- Summary -- Mount Pleasant, SC n/a n/a 5.0 C 2019
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 5.0Plus Park West Tennis 0 - 1
2020 USTA 40 & Over Spring 40 & over Men 4.5Plus Daniel Island Club 1 - 0
Stanley Wilhelm -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 3.0 S 2019
2020 LCTA 18 & Over Fall League 18 & over Fall League Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 0 - 1
2020 USTA 18 & Over Spring 18 & over Men 3.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 0
Robert Zimpfer -- Summary -- Daniel Island, SC n/a n/a 4.0 C 2019
2020 LCTA 54 & Over Fall League 54 & over - Men 4.0 Daniel Island Club 1 - 0